Brussels residents have been struggling with poor air quality in recent days as a persistent cold spell has led to a surge in air pollution.
Experts point to increased heating emissions and unfavorable weather conditions as key factors behind the deterioration. However, relief is on the horizon, with forecasts predicting an improvement in the coming days.
Pollution Levels on the Rise
Belgium has been grappling with subzero temperatures for several days, with Brussels experiencing a notable decline in air quality.
The cold weather has contributed to rising concentrations of fine particles (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide—two pollutants linked to severe health risks.
According to Pascale Hourman, a spokesperson for Brussels Environment, PM2.5 levels in the capital reached 27 µg/m³, falling short of the ‘information threshold’ of 35 µg/m³ set by Flanders but still classified as “mediocre.”
Hourman explained that air pollution levels for this time of year are unusually high, posing health concerns for vulnerable groups.
In Flanders, pollution levels exceeded the 35 µg/m³ mark, triggering official warnings. Exposure to high concentrations of fine particles can aggravate respiratory issues and increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Cold Weather to Blame
The current air pollution spike is largely attributed to the combination of increased emissions and unfavorable meteorological conditions.
“Many residents have turned up their heating or used wood-burning stoves to combat the cold, leading to a rise in emissions,” said Hourman. However, the issue is exacerbated by a meteorological phenomenon known as thermal inversion.
Under normal conditions, warm air near the surface allows pollutants to disperse upwards.
However, during thermal inversion, a layer of warm air traps cold air and pollutants near the ground, effectively creating a lid over the city. Weak winds in Belgium have further prevented pollutants from dispersing, leading to a stagnation of fine particles in the air.
Health Risks and Precautionary Measures
The rise in fine particle concentrations poses health risks to residents, particularly young children, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing heart or lung conditions. Even healthy individuals may experience discomfort, especially when engaging in physical activities.
Fine particles can infiltrate homes, meaning staying indoors does not entirely eliminate exposure to pollution. Brussels Environment has advised residents to minimize outdoor activity when pollution levels are high and to take measures to reduce emissions.
“Residents can help by keeping heating temperatures between 19°C and 20°C and opting for public transport, cycling, or walking instead of using private cars,” Hourman suggested.
Improvement Expected Midweek
Despite the current conditions, meteorologists expect air quality to improve in the coming days.
“Tuesday will be sunnier, though the wind will remain light,” said Hourman. “However, from Wednesday, wind speeds will increase significantly, and a rain system will move across the country. These factors will help clear pollutants from the air, leading to better air quality.”
While pollution levels remain a concern, residents can expect relief soon as changing weather conditions aid in dispersing harmful particles.
This article was created using automation technology and was thoroughly edited and fact-checked by one of our editorial staff members
