Brussels – Once a global symbol of brewing excellence, Belgium’s beer industry is grappling with a sharp and sustained decline in both domestic consumption and international exports.
According to recently released figures, beer consumption in Belgium fell by 2.1% in 2024, following a more dramatic 6% drop in 2023 — a trend attributed to growing economic pressures, soaring costs, and broader geopolitical instability.
The downturn has impacted both the on-trade and off-trade sectors. Bars and restaurants reported a 2.9% decline in beer sales in 2024, while retail stores saw a more modest dip of 1.5%.
The combined effect points to a shift in consumer behaviour as Belgians tighten their spending in response to persistent inflation and economic uncertainty.
The crisis has not spared production. Belgium, once home to over 1,200 breweries in its golden age, saw six breweries shut down last year, bringing the current total to just 411.
Industry leaders warn this number could drop further unless structural reforms and targeted support are introduced.
“Belgium’s beer culture is not just a tradition — it’s part of our national identity,” said Sven Gatz, Brussels’ former finance minister and an advocate for the brewing sector. “But even icons can falter if the environment becomes too hostile for business.”
Internationally, Belgium’s beer exports — historically a key pillar offsetting domestic consumption declines — have also taken a hit. Exports dropped by 3.4% in 2024, compounding the 7.5% decline recorded in 2023.
Rising transportation costs, global inflation, and weakening demand in key markets such as the United States and China have all contributed to the slump.
Despite these challenges, there are signs the industry is fighting back. A significant €178 million was invested in 2023 to modernise brewing facilities and bolster sustainability efforts.
Industry players hope this commitment will not only enhance production efficiency but also appeal to younger, environmentally-conscious consumers.
“The investment shows we’re not standing still,” said Jean-Louis Van Droogenbroeck, director at the Belgian Brewers Federation. “We are innovating, embracing sustainability, and working to preserve our unique beer heritage in a modern world.”
Encouragingly, international appetite for Belgian beer remains strong. Nearly 70% of the country’s total beer production is still destined for export, confirming that the global brand appeal of Belgian brews — from Trappist ales to sour lambics — endures despite current headwinds.
Still, the road ahead remains uncertain. Analysts warn that unless domestic consumption stabilises and export markets recover, Belgium’s iconic beer sector could face long-term structural challenges.
For now, the nation that gave the world over 1,500 distinct beer styles is at a crossroads — one where tradition must be balanced with resilience and reinvention.
